Maryland Birds
The Maryland Ornithological Society (MOS) lists 312 bird species as annually occurring in Maryland (of which 10 are marginal), and 18 species that could probably be added to the list if there were more people out searching for them. This page includes the society's Annually Occurring Bird Species in Maryland, compiled in 1999 by Marshall Iliff. I have added scientific names and families.
Swans, Geese, and Ducks (Family Anatidae)
Tundra Swan (Cygnus columbianus)
Mute Swan (Cygnus olor)
Greater White-fronted Goose (Anser albifrons)
Snow Goose (Chen caerulescens)
Ross' Goose (Chen rossii)
Brant (Branta bernicla)
Canada Goose (Branta canadensis)
Wood Duck (Aix sponsa)
Green-winged Teal (Anas crecca)
American Black Duck (Anas rubripes)
Mallard (Anas platyrhynchos)
Northern Pintail (Anas acuta)
Blue-winged Teal (Anas discors)
Northern Shoveler (Anas clypeata)
Gadwall (Anas strepera)
Eurasian Wigeon (Anas penelope)
American Wigeon (Anas americana)
Canvasback (Aythya valisineria)
Redhead (Aythya americana)
Ring-necked Duck (Aythya collaris)
Greater Scaup (Aythya marila)
Lesser Scaup (Aythya affinis)
Harlequin Duck (Histrionicus histrionicus)
Oldsquaw (Clangula hyemalis)
Black Scoter (Melanitta nigra)
Surf Scoter (Melanitta perspicillata)
White-winged Scoter (Melanitta fusca)
Common Goldeneye (Bucephala clangula)
Bufflehead (Bucephala albeola)
Hooded Merganser (Lophodytes cucullatus)
Common Merganser (Mergus merganser)
Red-breasted Merganser (Mergus serrator)
Ruddy Duck (Oxyjura jamaicensis)
Partridges, Grouse, Turkeys, and Quail (Family Phasianidae)
Ring-necked Pheasant (Phasianus colchicus)
Ruffed Grouse (Bonasa umbellus)
Wild Turkey (Meleagris gallopavo)
Northern Bobwhite (Colinus virginianus)
Loons (Family Gaviidae)
Red-throated Loon (Gavia stellata)
Common Loon (Gavia immer)
Grebes (Family Podicepedidae)
Pied-billed Grebe (Podilymbus podiceps)
Horned Grebe (Podiceps auritus)
Shearwaters and Petrels (Family Procellariidae)
Northern Fulmar (Fulmarus glacialis)
Cory's Shearwater (Calonectris diomedea)
Greater Shearwater (Puffinus gravis)
Sooty Shearwater (Puffinus griseus)
Manx Shearwater (Puffinus puffinus)
Audubon's Shearwater (Puffinus lherminieri)
Storm-Petrels (Family Hydrobatidae)
Wilson's Storm-Petrel (Oceanites oceanicus)
Leach's Storm-Petrel (Oceanodroma leucorhoa)
Gannets (Family Sulidae)
Northern Gannet (Morus bassanus)
Pelicans (Family Pelecanidae)
Brown Pelican (Pelecanus occidentalis)
Cormorants (Family Phalacrocoracidae)
Great Cormorant (Phalacrocorax carbo)
Double-crested Cormorant (Phalacrocorax auritus)
Bitterns and Herons (Family Ardeidae)
American Bittern (Botaurus lentiginosus)
Least Bittern (Ixobrychus exilis)
Great Blue Heron (Ardea herodias)
Great Egret (Ardea alba)
Snowy Egret (Egretta thula)
Little Blue Heron (Egretta caerulea)
Tricolored Heron (Egretta tricolor)
Cattle Egret (Bubulcus ibis)
Green Heron (Butorides virescens)
Black-crowned Night-Heron (Nycticorax nycticorax)
Yellow-crowned Night-Heron (Nyctanassa violacea)
Ibises (Family Threskiornithidae)
Glossy Ibis (Plegadis falcinellus)
New World Vultures (Family Cathartidae)
Black Vulture (Coragyps altratus)
Turkey Vulture (Cathartes aura)
Hawks and Eagles (Family Accipitridae)
Osprey (Pandion haliaetus)
Mississippi Kite (Ictinia mississippiensis)
Bald Eagle (Haliaeetus leucocephalus)
Northern Harrier (Circus cyaneus)
Sharp-shinned Hawk (Accipiter striatus)
Cooper's Hawk (Accipiter cooperii)
Northern Goshawk (Accipiter gentilis)
Red-shouldered Hawk (Buteo lineatus)
Broad-winged Hawk (Buteo platypterus)
Red-tailed Hawk (Buteo jamaicensis)
Rough-legged Hawk (Buteo lagopus)
Golden Eagle (Aqulia chrysaetos)
Caracaras and Falcons (Family Falconidae)
American Kestrel (Falco sparverius)
Merlin (Falco columbarius)
Peregrine Falcon (Falco mexicanus)
Rails, Gallinules, and Coots (Family Rallidae)
Black Rail (Laterallus jamaicensis)
Clapper Rail (Rallus longirostris)
King Rail (Rallus elegans)
Virginia Rail (Rallus limicola)
Sora (Porzana carolina)
Common Moorhen (Gallinula chloropus)
American Coot (Fulica americana)
Plovers (Family Charadriidae)
Black-bellied Plover (Pluvialis squatarola)
American Golden-Plover (Pluvialis dominica)
Semipalmated Plover (Charadrius semipalmatus)
Piping Plover (Charadrius melodus)
Killdeer (Charadrius vociferus)
Oystercatchers (Family Haematopodidae)
American Oystercatcher (Haematopus palliatus)
Stilts and Avocets (Family Recurvirostridae)
Black-necked Stilt (Himantopus mexicanus)
American Avocet (Recurvirostra americana)
Sandpipers, Phalaropes, and Allies (Family Scolopacidae)
Greater Yellowlegs (Tringa melanoleuca)
Lesser Yellowlegs (Tringa flavipes)
Solitary Sandpiper (Tringa solitaria)
Willet (Catoptrophorus semipalmatus)
Spotted Sandpiper (Actitis macularia)
Upland Sandpiper (Bartramia longicauda)
Whimbrel (Numenius phaeopus)
Ruddy Turnstone (Arenaria interpres)
Red Knot (Calidris canutus)
Sanderling (Calidris alba)
Semipalmated Sandpiper (Calidris pusilla)
Western Sandpiper (Calidris mauri)
Least Sandpiper (Calidris minutilla)
White-rumped Sandpiper (Calidris fuscicollis)
Baird's Sandpiper (Calidris bairdii)
Pectoral Sandpiper (Calidris melatonotos)
Purple Sandpiper (Calidris maritima)
Dunlin (Calidris alpina)
Stilt Sandpiper (Calidris himantopus)
Buff-breasted Sandpiper (Tryngites subruficollis)
Short-billed Dowitcher (Limnodromus griseus)
Long-billed Dowitcher (Limnodromus scolopaceus)
Wilson's Snipe (Gallinago gallinago)
American Woodcock (Scolopax minor)
Red-necked Phalarope (Phalaropus lobatus)
Red Phalarope (Phalaropus fulicaria)
Jaegers, Gulls, Terns, and Skimmers (Family Laridae)
Pomarine Jaeger (Stercorarius pomarinus)
Parasitic Jaeger (Stercorarius parasiticus)
Laughing Gull (Larus atricilla)
Bonaparte's Gull (Larus philadelphia)
Ring-billed Gull (Larus delawarensis)
Herring Gull (Larus argentatus)
Iceland "Kumlien's" Gull (Larus glaucoides)
Lesser Black-backed Gull (Larus fuscus)
Glaucous Gull (Larus hyperboreus)
Great Black-backed Gull (Larus marinus)
Black-legged Kittiwake (Rissa tridactyla)
Gull-billed Tern (Sterna nilotica)
Caspian Tern (Sterna caspia)
Royal Tern (Sterna maxima)
Sandwich Tern (Sterna sandvicensis)
Common Tern (Sterna hirundo)
Forster's Tern (Sterna forsteri)
Least Tern (Sterna antillarum)
Black Tern (Chlidonias niger)
Black Skimmer (Rhynchops niger)
Pigeons and Doves (Family Columbidae)
Rock Pigeon (Columba livia)
Mourning Dove (Zenaida macroura)
Cuckoos, Roadrunners, and Anis (Family Cuculidae)
Black-billed Cuckoo (Coccyzus erythopthalmus)
Yellow-billed Cuckoo (Coccyzus americanus)
Barn Owls (Family Tytonidae)
Barn Owl (Tyto alba)
True Owls (Family Strigidae)
Eastern Screech-Owl (Otus asio)
Great Horned Owl (Bubo virginianus)
Barred Owl (Nyctea scandiaca)
Short-eared Owl (Asio flammeus)
Northern Saw-whet Owl (Aegolius acadicus)
Nightjars (Family Caprimulgidae)
Common Nighthawk (Chordeiles minor)
Chuck-will's-widow (Caprimulgus carolinensis)
Whip-poor-will (Caprimulgus vociferus)
Swifts (Family Apodidae)
Chimney Swift (Chaetura pelagica)
Hummingbirds (Family Trochilidae)
Ruby-throated Hummingbird (Archilochus colubris)
Kingfishers (Family Alcedinidae)
Belted Kingfisher (Ceryle alcyon)
Woodpeckers (Family Picidae)
Red-headed Woodpecker (Melanerpes erythrocephalus)
Red-bellied Woodpecker (Melanerpes carolinus)
Yellow-bellied Sapsucker (Sphyrapicus varius)
Downy Woodpecker (Picoides pubescens)
Hairy Woodpecker (Picoides villosus)
Northern "Yellow-shafted" Flicker (Colaptes auratus)
Pileated Woodpecker (Dryocopus pileatus)
Tyrant Flycatchers (Family Tyrannidae)
Olive-sided Flycatcher (Contopus borealis)
Eastern Wood-Pewee (Contopus virens)
Yellow-bellied Flycatcher (Empidonax flaviventris)
Acadian Flycatcher (Empidonax virescens)
Alder Flycatcher (Empidonax alnorum)
Willow Flycatcher (Empidonax traillii)
Least Flycatcher (Empidonax minimus)
Eastern Phoebe (Sayornis phoebe)
Great Crested Flycatcher (Myiarchus crinitus)
Eastern Kingbird (Tyrannus tyrannus)
Larks (Family Alaudidae)
Horned Lark (Eremophila alpestris)
Swallows (Family Hirundinidae)
Purple Martin (Progne subis)
Tree Swallow (Tachycineta bicolor)
Northern Rough-winged Swallow (Stelgidopteryx serripennis)
Bank Swallow (Riparia riparia)
Cliff Swallow (Hirundo pyrrhonota)
Barn Swallow (Hirundo rustica)
Jays, Magpies, and Crows (Family Corvidae)
Blue Jay (Cyanocitta cristata)
American Crow (Corvus brachyrhynchos)
Fish Crow (Corvus ossifragus)
Common Raven (Corvus corax)
Titmice (Family Paridae)
Black-capped Chickadee (Parus atricapillus)
Carolina Chickadee (Parus carolinensis)
Tufted Titmouse (Parus bicolor)
Nuthatches (Family Sittidae)
Red-breasted Nuthatch (Sitta canadensis)
White-breasted Nuthatch (Sitta carolinensis)
Brown-headed Nuthatch (Sitta pusilla)
Creepers (Family Certhiidae)
Brown Creeper (Certhia americana)
Wrens (Family Troglodytidae)
Carolina Wren (Thryothorus ludovicianus)
House Wren (Troglodytes aedon)
Winter Wren (Troglodytes troglodytes)
Sedge Wren (Cistothorus platensis)
Marsh Wren (Cistothorus palustris)
Kinglets (Family Regulidae)
Golden-crowned Kinglet (Regulus satrapa)
Ruby-crowned Kinglet (Regulus calendula)
Gnatcatchers (Family Sylviidae)
Blue-gray Gnatcatcher (Polioptila caerulea)
Thrushes (Family Turdidae)
Eastern Bluebird (Sialia sialis)
Veery (Catharus fuscescens)
Gray-cheeked Thrush (Catharus minimus)
Bicknell's Thrush (Catharus bicknelli)
Swainson's Thrush (Catharus ustulatus)
Hermit Thrush (Catharus guttatus)
Wood Thrush (Hylocichla mustelina)
American Robin (Turdus migratorius)
Mockingbirds and Thrashers (Family Mimidae)
Gray Catbird (Dumetella carolinensis)
Northern Mockingbird (Mimus polyglottos)
Brown Thrasher (Toxostoma rufum)
Pipits and Wagtails (Family Motacillidae)
American Pipit (Anthus rubescens)
Waxwings (Family Bombycillidae)
Cedar Waxwing (Bombycilla cedrorum)
Starlings (Family Sturnidae)
European Starling (Sturnus vulgaris)
Vireos (Family Vireonidae)
White-eyed Vireo (Vireo griseus)
Blue-headed Vireo (Vireo solitarius)
Yellow-throated Vireo (Vireo flavifrons)
Warbling Vireo (Vireo gilvus)
Philadelphia Vireo (Vireo philadelphicus)
Red-eyed Vireo (Vireo olivaceus)
Warblers (Family Parulidae)
Blue-winged Warbler (Vermivora pinus)
Golden-winged Warbler (Vermivora chrysoptera)
Tennessee Warbler (Vermivora pergrina)
Orange-crowned Warbler (Vermivora celata)
Nashville Warbler (Vermivora ruficapilla)
Northern Parula (Parula americana)
Yellow Warbler (Dendroica petechia)
Chestnut-sided Warbler (Dendroica pensylvanica)
Magnolia Warbler (Dendroica magnolia)
Cape May Warbler (Dendroica tigrina)
Black-throated Blue Warbler (Dendroica caerulescens)
Yellow-rumped "Myrtle" Warbler (Dendroica coronata)
Black-throated Green Warbler (Dendroica virens)
Blackburnian Warbler (Dendroica fusca)
Yellow-throated Warbler (Dendroica dominica)
Pine Warbler (Dendroica pinus)
Prairie Warbler (Dendroica discolor)
Palm Warbler (Dendroica palmarum)
Bay-breasted Warbler (Dendroica castanea)
Blackpoll Warbler (Dendroica striata)
Cerulean Warbler (Dendroica cerulea)
Black-and-white Warbler (Mniotilta varia)
American Redstart (Setophaga ruticilla)
Prothonotary Warbler (Protonotaria citrea)
Worm-eating Warbler (Helmitheros vermivorus)
Swainson's Warbler (Limnothylpis swainsonii)
Ovenbird (Seiurus aurocapillus)
Northern Waterthrush (Seiurus noveboracensis)
Louisiana Waterthrush (Seiurus motacilla)
Kentucky Warbler (Oporornis formosus)
Connecticut Warbler (Oporornis agilis)
Mourning Warbler (Oporornis philadelphia)
Common Yellowthroat (Geothylpis trichas)
Hooded Warbler (Wilsonia citrina)
Wilson's Warbler (Wilsonia pusilla)
Canada Warbler (Wilsonia candensis)
Yellow-breasted Chat (Icteria virens)
Tanagers (Family Thraupidae)
Summer Tanager (Piranga rubra)
Scarlet Tanager (Piranga olvacea)
New World Sparrows and Allies (Family Emberizidae)
Eastern Towhee (Pipilo erythrophthalmus)
American Tree Sparrow (Spizella arborea)
Chipping Sparrow (Spizella passerina)
Clay-colored Sparrow (Spizella pallida)
Field Sparrow (Spizella pusilla)
Vesper Sparrow (Pooecetes gramineus)
Savannah Sparrow (Passerculus sandwichensis)
Grasshopper Sparrow (Ammodramus svannarum)
Henslow's Sparrow (Ammodramus henslowii)
Nelson's Sharp-tailed Sparrow (Ammodramus nelsoni)
Saltmarsh Sharp-tailed Sparrow (Ammodramus caudacutus)
Seaside Sparrow (Ammodramus maritimus)
Fox Sparrow (Passerella iliaca)
Song Sparrow (Melospiza melodia)
Lincoln's Sparrow (Melospiza lincolnii)
Swamp Sparrow (Melospiza georgiana)
White-throated Sparrow (Zonotrichia albicollis)
White-crowned Sparrow (Zonotrichia leucophrys)
Dark-eyed Junco (Junco hyemalis)
Lapland Longspur (Calcarius lapponicus)
Snow Bunting (Plectrophenax nivalis)
Cardinals, Grosbeaks, and Allies (Family Cardinalidae)
Northern Cardinal (Cardinalis cardinalis)
Rose-breasted Grosbeak (Pheucticus ludovicianus)
Blue Grosbeak (Guiraca caerulea)
Indigo Bunting (Passerina cyanea)
Dickcissel (Spiza americana)
New World Blackbirds and Allies (Family Icteridae)
Bobolink (Dolichonyx oryzivorus)
Red-winged Blackbird (Agelaius phoeniceus)
Eastern Meadowlark (Sturnella magna)
Rusty Blackbird (Euphagus carolinus)
Boat-tailed Grackle (Quiscalus major)
Common Grackle (Quiscalus quiscula)
Brown-headed Cowbird (Molothrus ater)
Orchard Oriole (Icterus spurius)
Baltimore Oriole (Icterus galbula)
Finches (Fringillidae)
Purple Finch (Carpodacus purpureus)
House Finch (Carpodacus mexicanus)
Pine Siskin (Carduelis pinus)
American Goldfinch (Carduelis tristis)
Evening Grosbeak (Coccothraustes vespertinus)
Old World Sparrows (Family Passeridae)
House Sparrow (Passer domesticus)
Annual, but the most marginal
Red-necked Grebe (Family Podicepidadae, Podiceps grisegena)
Common Eider (Family Anatidae, Somateria mollissima)
King Eider (Family Anatidae, Somateria spectabilis)
Marbled Godwit (Family Scolopacidae, Limosa fedoa)
Wilson's Phalarope (Family Scolopacidae, Phalaropus tricolor)
Little Gull (Family Laridae, Larus minutus)
Black-headed Gull (Family Laridae, Larus ridibundus)
Long-eared Owl (Family Strigidae, Asio otus)
Loggerhead Shrike (Family Laniidae, Lanius ludovicianus)
Lark Sparrow (Family Emberizidae, Chondestes grammacus)
Nearly annual species:
Eared Grebe (Family Podicipedidae, Podiceps nigricollis)
White Ibis (Family Threskiornithidae, Eudocimus albus)
Sandhill Crane (Family Gruidae, Grus canadensis)
Hudsonian Godwit (Family Scolopacidae, Limosa haemastica)
Ruff (Family Scolopacidae, Philomachus pugnax)
Long-tailed Jaeger (Family Laridae, Sterocorarius longicaudus)
Great Skua (Family Laridae, Catharacta skua)
Franklin's Gull (Family Laridae, Larus pipixcan)
Thayer's Gull (Family Laridae, Larus thayeri)
Roseate Tern (Family Laridae, Sterna dougallii)
Bridled Tern (Family Laridae, Sterna anaethetus)
Dovekie (Family Alcidae, Alle alle)
Razorbill (Family Alcidae, Alca torda)
Atlantic Puffin (Family Alcidae, Fratercula arctica)
Rufous Hummingbird (Family Trochilidae, Selasphorus rufus)
Western Kingbird (Family Tyrannidae, Tyrannus verticalis)
Yellow-headed Blackbird (Family Icteridae, Xanthocephalus xanthocephalus)
Brewer's Blackbird (Family Icteridae, Euphagus cyanocephalus)
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